17-12-2012, 01:28 PM
WIRELESS ENERGY METER READING USING INFRA RED SIGNAL
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INTRODUCTION
This project is based on VTU syllabus. The proposed system is based on ATMEL 89S52 µcontroller which is in our syllabus.
For doing this project we use some of the software like
Embedded C for programming the application software to the microcontroller.
Protel schematic software is used for designing the circuit diagram for this project.
Express PCB software is used for designing the PCB for this project.
(Since PCB making is a big process and involves lot of machineries which are expensive, we are going to outsource this to the manufacturer.)
ABSTRACT:
The usual method of taking electricity bill is like this. The EB people come to every home for taking meter reading. They note the reading from the energy meter and calculate the charge and give the bill. Instead this we can introduce a new method to take energy meter reading. The main aim of this project is to develop a wireless energy meter reading & billing machine using infrared signals and smart printer. This project is very useful equipment for the societies. As you all know, billing of the energy meter has become a major work for the government.Keeping this problem in mind we are designing this project wireless energy meter. In this project infrared signals are used for communication. If the EB people showing the device to energy meter the device will take the reading and calculate the charge and print the current bill by using thermal printer.
WORKING PRINCIPLE:
This project is very useful equipment for taking meter reading. This has two sections. One device is with EB person and the other is attached to energy meter.
The EB SIDE device consists of microcontroller, IR Transmitter and IR Receiver, LCD and printer and buzzer. The user side device consists of microcontroller, IR Transmitter and IR Receiver, LCD, memory and buzzer. The readings are stored in memory.
When the EB person shows the device to energy meter, the device will transmit command for downloading the amount of consumption as IR signals to the energy meter.
The IR Receiver in the user device receives this signal, and then the microcontroller decodes this signal and reads the amount of consumption from memory and sent this data as IR signal. The amount will be displayed in LCD.
Then the IR receiver in the EB device will receives this data. The microcontroller decodes the data and calculates the charge. The amount will be displayed in LCD. Finally it will take the printout of the bill using thermal printer. The buzzer will make beep sound for each operation.
So instead of reading the meter and writing the bill, we can use this device to take reading and to print the bill. This method of billing is fast.
Voltage range
The standard voltage range on RS-232 pins is _15V to +15V. This voltage range applies to all RS-232 signal pins. The total voltage swing during signal transmission can be as large as 30V. In many cases, RS-232 ports will operate with voltages as low as _5V to +5V. This wide range of voltages allows for better compatibility between different types of equipment and allows greater noise margin to avoid interference.
Because the voltage swing on RS-232 lines is so large, the RS-232 signal lines generate a significant amount of electrical noise. It is important that this signal does not run close to high impedance microphone lines or audio lines in a system. In cases where you must run these types of signals nearby one another, it is important to make sure that all audio wires are properly shielded.
Buzzer:
The buzzer subsystem produces a 2 KHz audible tone when powered. The buzzer will sound when the signal coming into the driver is high. It must be connected to a transistor, Darlington or transducer driver subsystem. The buzzer is connected between the supply rail (+V) and the input signal. This acts as load on the driver. When the input signal coming into the buzzer subsystem is low, a potential difference across the buzzer causes current to flow. It is this flow of current that causes the buzzer to sound
Vital role of Buzzer in ‘Wireless energy meter reading using infra red signal’
This is used to indicate normal/abnormal/active/deactivate condition of system/peripherals.
Buzzer will make beep sound o reception and transmission.
LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY)
LCDs can add a lot to your application in terms of providing an useful interface for the user, debugging an application or just giving it a "professional" look. The most common type of LCD controller is the Hitachi 44780 which provides a relatively simple interface between a processor and an LCD. Using this interface is often not attempted by inexperienced designers and programmers because it is difficult to find good documentation on the interface, initializing the interface can be a problem and the displays themselves are expensive.