Fresh water is the basic need of living organisms on earth. Fresh water is consumed by living things to be alive including plants and animals. The amount of fresh water available is limited. As well; Population has increased compared to available water and food resources. Agriculture consumes approximately 85 per cent of the total amount of fresh water available and, therefore, there is an urgent need to develop science and technology based strategies for sustainable water use, including technical, agronomic, administrative and environmental improvements. Institutions. There are many systems that use various techniques to achieve water savings in various agricultural practices. The system using remote access and wireless communication is discussed in this document. The system explained here is a network of wireless sensors and a wireless base station to process the sensor data to automate the irrigation system. The sensors are soil moisture sensor, air and soil temperature sensor. The microcontroller of the base station is programmed so that if the humidity or soil temperature parameters cross a predefined threshold level, the irrigation system is automated, ie the relay of the motor which is connected to the water pump . The system will have a distributed wireless network of soil and soil moisture sensors placed in the root zone of plants. An atmospheric temperature sensor is used to measure atmospheric temperature in the field. In addition, a gateway unit will handle the sensor information, activate the actuators and transmit data to a control station. An algorithm with threshold values of soil temperature and soil moisture will be programmed on a microcontroller-based gateway to control the switching of the water motor to supply water on the basis of the information collected. The system will be powered by solar panels (Optional for prototype). This system can achieve savings of up to 70% compared to the traditional irrigation practices used. Due to its energy autonomy and low cost, the system has the potential to be useful in geographically limited areas.
An automated irrigation system was developed to optimize the use of water for agricultural crops. The system has a distributed wireless network of humidity and temperature sensors located in the root zone of plants. In addition, a gateway unit handles sensor information, activates actuators, and transmits data to a web application. An algorithm with soil temperature and humidity threshold values was developed that was programmed in a microcontroller-based gateway to control the amount of water. The system was powered by photovoltaic panels and had a duplex communication link based on a cellular-Internet interface that allowed scheduling of data inspection and irrigation scheduling through a web page. The automated system was tested in a field of sage cultivation for 136 days and achieved water savings of up to 90% compared to traditional irrigation practices in the agricultural area. Three replicates of the automated system have been successfully used elsewhere for 18 months. Due to its energy autonomy and low cost, the system has the potential to be useful in geographically limited areas.