04-02-2017, 03:26 PM
The typical composition of untreated domestic wastewater (in-fluent) was defined using concentration levels as weak, medium and strong. TBA concentrations (mg / L) were identified as 100, 220 and 350, and FOG concentrations (Fat, Oil, Fats) were identified as weak, medium and strong levels of BOD5 (mg / L) as 110, 220 and 400 ) (Mg / L) as 50, 100 and 150 respectively (Tchobanoglous and Burton, 1991).
The character of domestic wastewater is identified using medium and maximum levels. Mean BOD levels were identified as 200 mg / L with a maximum of 400 mg / L, mean TSS levels of 200 mg / L with a maximum of 400 mg / L and mean fat levels of 50 mg / L with a Maximum of 150 Mg / L (Laak, 1986). Most researchers apply a range to quantify concentrations of BOD5, SST and FOG for influent wastewater. The most commonly used range is 100-300 mg / L of BOD5 and 100-350 mg / L of TSS. FOG ranges are typically identified as 50-150 mg / L, with 150 mg / L identified as "strong".
However, statistically as the research progressed, new parameters that determine the BOD5 and COD range also changed, although with little variation. Table 1.1 shows the parameter that classifies the resistance of the waste water based on its concentrations of BOD5 and COD.
Fresh sewage is a gray cloudy liquid that has an earthy but harmless odor. It contains large floating and suspended solids (such as faeces, rags, plastic containers, corn spikes), smaller suspended solids (such as partially disintegrated feces, paper, vegetable husks) and very small solids in colloidal suspension (ie, Not sediment-able) as well as contaminants in true solution. It is objectionable in appearance and dangerous content, mainly due to the number of disease-causing organisms ('pathogens') it contains. In hot climates, wastewater may soon lose its dissolved oxygen content and thus become 'rancid' or 'septic'. Septic sewage has an offensive odor, usually hydrogen sulphide. Anaerobic up flow sludge mantle reactor (UASB) is a single tank process in a centralized or decentralized anaerobic system of industrial wastewater or sewage treatment that achieves a high removal of organic pollutants. Wastewater enters the reactor from the bottom and flows upwards. A suspended sludge blanket filters and treats wastewater as wastewater flows through it. Bacteria that live in the mud decompose the organic matter by anaerobic digestion, transforming it into bio-gas. The solids are also retained by a filtering effect of the blanket. The up flow rate and the movement of the gas bubbles allow mixing without mechanical aid. The baffles at the top of the reactor allow the gases to escape and prevent the outflow of the sludge blanket. Like all aerobic treatments, the UASB requires a post-treatment to eliminate pathogens, but due to a low nutrient removal, effluent water as well as stabilized sludge can be used in agriculture.
The character of domestic wastewater is identified using medium and maximum levels. Mean BOD levels were identified as 200 mg / L with a maximum of 400 mg / L, mean TSS levels of 200 mg / L with a maximum of 400 mg / L and mean fat levels of 50 mg / L with a Maximum of 150 Mg / L (Laak, 1986). Most researchers apply a range to quantify concentrations of BOD5, SST and FOG for influent wastewater. The most commonly used range is 100-300 mg / L of BOD5 and 100-350 mg / L of TSS. FOG ranges are typically identified as 50-150 mg / L, with 150 mg / L identified as "strong".
However, statistically as the research progressed, new parameters that determine the BOD5 and COD range also changed, although with little variation. Table 1.1 shows the parameter that classifies the resistance of the waste water based on its concentrations of BOD5 and COD.
Fresh sewage is a gray cloudy liquid that has an earthy but harmless odor. It contains large floating and suspended solids (such as faeces, rags, plastic containers, corn spikes), smaller suspended solids (such as partially disintegrated feces, paper, vegetable husks) and very small solids in colloidal suspension (ie, Not sediment-able) as well as contaminants in true solution. It is objectionable in appearance and dangerous content, mainly due to the number of disease-causing organisms ('pathogens') it contains. In hot climates, wastewater may soon lose its dissolved oxygen content and thus become 'rancid' or 'septic'. Septic sewage has an offensive odor, usually hydrogen sulphide. Anaerobic up flow sludge mantle reactor (UASB) is a single tank process in a centralized or decentralized anaerobic system of industrial wastewater or sewage treatment that achieves a high removal of organic pollutants. Wastewater enters the reactor from the bottom and flows upwards. A suspended sludge blanket filters and treats wastewater as wastewater flows through it. Bacteria that live in the mud decompose the organic matter by anaerobic digestion, transforming it into bio-gas. The solids are also retained by a filtering effect of the blanket. The up flow rate and the movement of the gas bubbles allow mixing without mechanical aid. The baffles at the top of the reactor allow the gases to escape and prevent the outflow of the sludge blanket. Like all aerobic treatments, the UASB requires a post-treatment to eliminate pathogens, but due to a low nutrient removal, effluent water as well as stabilized sludge can be used in agriculture.