03-10-2017, 10:33 AM
The protection of the electrical system is a branch of electrical power engineering that deals with the protection of electrical systems from faults through the insulation of parts damaged from the rest of the electrical network. The purpose of a protection scheme is to keep the power supply system stable, isolating only those components that are in fault, while leaving as much of the network as possible still in operation. Therefore, protection schemes should be applied with a very pragmatic and pessimistic approach to compensation system failures. Devices used to protect faulty power systems are called protection devices.
Components
Protection systems typically comprise five components:
• Current and voltage transformers to lower the high voltages and currents of the electrical system to levels suitable for relays
• Protection relays to detect the fault and initiate a trip, or disconnection, order;
• Circuit breakers to open / close the system based on relay and automatic closing commands;
• Batteries to provide power in case of power disconnection in the system.
• Communication channels to allow the analysis of current and voltage in remote terminals of a line and to allow remote tripping of equipment. For the components of a distribution system, the fuses are capable of detecting and disconnecting faults.
Faults may occur in each part, such as insulation failure, dropped or broken transmission lines, malfunction of circuit breakers, short circuits, and open circuits. The protective devices are installed with the aim of protecting the assets, and ensuring the continuous supply of energy. The switch is a combination of electrical switches, fuses or circuit breakers used to control, protect and isolate electrical equipment. Switches can be safely opened under normal load current, while protection devices can be safely opened under fault current.
Components
Protection systems typically comprise five components:
• Current and voltage transformers to lower the high voltages and currents of the electrical system to levels suitable for relays
• Protection relays to detect the fault and initiate a trip, or disconnection, order;
• Circuit breakers to open / close the system based on relay and automatic closing commands;
• Batteries to provide power in case of power disconnection in the system.
• Communication channels to allow the analysis of current and voltage in remote terminals of a line and to allow remote tripping of equipment. For the components of a distribution system, the fuses are capable of detecting and disconnecting faults.
Faults may occur in each part, such as insulation failure, dropped or broken transmission lines, malfunction of circuit breakers, short circuits, and open circuits. The protective devices are installed with the aim of protecting the assets, and ensuring the continuous supply of energy. The switch is a combination of electrical switches, fuses or circuit breakers used to control, protect and isolate electrical equipment. Switches can be safely opened under normal load current, while protection devices can be safely opened under fault current.