25-08-2017, 09:32 PM
APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT
approaches.pdf (Size: 42.95 KB / Downloads: 366)
MPIRICAL APPROACH
•Study of managerial experiences and cases(mgt)
•Contributors: Earnest Dale, Mooney & Reiley, urwick.
•Features
–Study of Managerial Experiences
–Managerial experience passed from participationerto students for continuity in knowledge management.
–Study of Successful & failure cases help practicisingmanagers.
–Theoretical research combined with practical experiences.
•Uses
–Learning through experience of others
•Limitations
–No Contribution for the development of management as a discipline
–Situations of past not the same as present
HUMAN BEHAVIOUR APPROACH
•Organisationas people
–a) Interpersonal Behaviour Approach -Individual Psychology
–b) Group Behaviour Approach -Organisation Behaviour
•Features
–Draws heavily from psychology & sociology.
–Understand human relations.
–Emphasis on greater productivity through motivation & good human relations
–Motivation, leadership, participative management & group dynamics are core of this approach.
SOCIAL SYSTEM APPROACH
•Understanding the behaviourof groups & individuals.
•Features
1.Social System, a system of cultural relationship
2.Relationship exist between external and internal environment of the organisation.
3.Formal Organisation-Cultural relationships of social groups
working within the organisation.
4.Co-operation necessary
5.Efforts directed -harmony between goals of organisation& goals of groups.
DECISION THEORY APPROACH
•Manager –Decision maker
•Organisation–Decision making unit.
•Features
–Management is decision making.
–Members of Organisation -decision makers and problem solvers.
–Decision making -control point in management
–Increasing efficiency -the quality of decision
–MIS, process & techniques of decision making are the subject matter of study.
OPERATIONAL APPROACH
•Management is a process.
•Universalist/ Classist/ Traditional Approach.
•This school concentrates on the role and functions of managers and distills the principles to be followed by them.
•Features
–Functions of managers remain same
–Functions of management
–core of good management
–Framework of management
–Principles of management
•Contributors
–Fayol, LyndallUrwick,Harold Koontz, Newman, Mc Farland, Taylor.
•Uses
–Flexible & practical but not universal.