29-06-2013, 12:02 PM
GM foods
GM foods.pptx (Size: 457.65 KB / Downloads: 40)
What is GM food?
Food that is derived from Genetically Modified organisms
Produced using Genetic engineering technique.
specific changes introduced into DNA of organisms.
History
In 1946 scientists discovered that DNA can transfer between organisms.
In 1983 first GMO was produced(antibiotic-resistant tobacco plant)
1994 GM tomato was approved by the FDA for marketing in the US - the modification allowed the tomato to delay ripening after picking
Today about 25 GMO are produced and distributed commercially in the US.
Methods of production
Transgenesis
Transgenic plants have genes inserted into them that are derived from another species
Cisgenesis
Cisgenic plants are made using genes found within the same species or a closely related one, where conventional plant breeding can occur.
Advantages of GMO
GMO crops are last longer
Less use of pesticides
Eco friendly
Cost reduction
Higher yield
Enhancement in taste and quality
Higher resistance to diseases. etc etc
Disadvantages of GMO
Sometimes harm to other organisms.
Taste of GMO is not “natural”.
Spread of new, more resistant “super weeds” and “super pests”.
Possible damages to the environment.
Unforeseen risks and dangers due to the complexity of nature.
Vanishing of traditional seeds.
Critics say GMOs may cause health problems.