01-06-2013, 03:19 PM
OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY
OCULAR DRUG.pptx (Size: 5.89 MB / Downloads: 262)
INTRODUCTION
Drug administration through eyes is just for effect in eyes
To reduce the systemic absorption of drug is primary goal
The normal volume of tears = 7 ul
the blinking eye can accommodate a volume of up to 30 ul without spillage
ADVANTAGES-
1. Accurate dosing.
2. Absence of preservative
3. Increase in shelf life due to absence of water.
4.Best of drug with slow dissolution eg.suspension
5.Flexibilty in drug choice
7.Rapid action
8. Self medication is easy
9.Decrease side effects to other organs
disadvantages
1. Perceived by patient as foreign body.
2. Movement around the eye.
3. Occasional loss during sleep or while rubbing eyes.
4. Interference with vision.
5. Difficulty in placement & removal.
6.Patient non compliance
7. Blurred vision
8. Irritation in eyes
9.Not suitable for running people
OPTHALMIC DISORDERS
COJUCNCTIVITIS- inflammation of conjuctiva
DRY EYE SYNDROME-inadequate wetting of ocular surface
GLAUCOMA-
IRITIS-pain and inflammation
ROSACEA
BLEPHARITIS-inflammation of lid margin
CHALAZIA-meibomian cysts of eylid
KERATITIS
USE OF MUCOADHESIVES IN OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY
Mucoadhesives adhered to cornea
Types-
Naturally Occurring Mucoadhesives- Lectins, Fibronectins
Synthetic Mucoadhesives-PVA,Carbopol, carboxy methyl cellulose, cross-linked polyacrylic acid
Drugs incarporated in to this are pilocarpine, lidocaine, benzocaine and prednisolone acetate.
The corneal collagen shield
A disposable, short-term therapeutic bandage lens for the cornea.
It conforms to the shape of the eye, protects the corneal surface, and provides lubrication as it dissolves.
The shields are derived from bovine collagen and are 14.5 mm in diameter.
Sterilized by gamma irradiation.
Advantages of nanoparticles
Sustained drug release and prolonged therapeutic activity
Site-specific targeting
Higher cellular permeability
Protect the drug from chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis
Efficient in crossing membrane barriers -blood retinal barrier
Act as an inert carrier for ophthalmic drugs
CONCLUSION
Very few advanced ocular drug delivery systems have been commercialized.
The performance of these new products, however, is still far from being perfect.
More clinical studies are necessary to provide further information and insights into these advanced ocular drug delivery systems.