14-08-2014, 02:51 PM
PROJECT REPORT ON DESIGN OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
DESIGN OF A RESIDENTIAL.pdf (Size: 1.29 MB / Downloads: 279)
ABSTRACT
Hyderabad is the fifth largest city in our country. As it is rapidly developing the
construction in the city is very costly. Economic point of view if the building is
constructed at a far distance from the city it will be cheaper and residents can live
peaceful without any external polluted sources. Having a peaceful surroundings s
the main point of view of most of the people in today’s lifestyle
INTRODUCTION
The basics needs of human existences are food, clothing’s & shelter. From times immemorial
man has been making efforts in improving their standard of living. The point of his efforts has
been to provide an economic and efficient shelter. The possession of shelter besides being a
basic, used, gives a feeling of security, responsibility and shown the social status of man.
Every human being has an inherent liking for a peaceful environment needed for his
pleasant living, this object is achieved by having a place of living situated at the safe and
convenient location, such a place for comfortable and pleasant living requires considered and
kept in view.
DEMAND OF HOUSES
The house is the first unit of the society and it is the primary unit of human habitation. The
house is built to grant the protection against wind, weathers, and to give insurance against
physical insecurity of all kinds.
The special features of the demand for housing consists of in its unique nature and depend on the
following factors.
• Availability of cheap finance.
• Availability of skilled labours.
• Availability of transport facility.
• Cost of labours & material of construction.
• Predictions of future demand.
• Rate of interest on investment e. g., low rates of interest with facilities of long term
payment may facilities investment in housing.
• Rate of population growth and urbanization.
• Supply of developed plots at reasonable prices.
• Taxation policy on real estates
HAZARDOUS BUILDINGS
These buildings are used for the storage, handling, manufacture or processing of highly
combustible or explosive materials or products which are liable to burn with extreme rapidly
and/or which may produce poisonous elements for storage handling, acids or other liquids or
chemicals producing flames, fumes and ex plosive, poisonous, irritant or corrosive gases
processing of any material producing explosive mixtures of dust which result in the division of
matter into fine particles subjected to spontaneous ignition
SELECTION OF PLOT AND STUDY
Selection of plot is very important for buildings a house. Site should be in good place
where there community but service is convenient but not so closed that becomes a source of
inconvenience or noisy. The conventional transportation is important not only because of present
need but for retention of property value in future closely related to are transportation, shopping,
facilities also necessary. One should observe the road condition whether there is indication of
future development or not in case of un developed area.
The factor to be considered while selecting the building site are as follows:-
• Access to park & play ground.
• Agriculture polytonality of the land.
• Availability of public utility services, especially water, electricity & sewage disposal.
• Contour of land in relation the building cost. Cost of land .
• Distance from places of work.
• Ease of drainage.
• Location with respect to school, collage & public buildings.
• Nature of use of adjacent area.
• Transport facilities.
• Wind velocity and directio
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Requirement for residential accommodation are different for different classes of people &
depends on the income &status of the individual a highly rich family with require a
luxurious building, while a poor man we satisfied with a single room house for even poor
class family.
A standard residential building of bungalow type with has drawing room, dining room office
room, guest room, kitchen room, store, pantry, dressing room, bath room, front verandah,
stair etc., for other house the number of rooms may be reduced according to the requirements
of many available.
DESIGN OF SLAB
Slabs are to be designed under limit state method by reference of IS 456:2000.
• When the slab are supported in two way direction it acts as two way supported slab.
• A two way slab is economical compared to one way slab.
DESIGN OF COLUMNS
Columns are compression members.
• Larger spacing columns cause stocking columns in lower stores of multi storied
buildings.
• Columns are transmitted loads which are coming from slabs to foundations. Larger spans
of beams shall also be avoided from the consideration of controlling the deflection &
cracking.
CONCLUSION
We can conclude that there is difference between the theoretical and practical work done. As
the scope of understanding will be much more when practical work is done. As we get more
knowledge in such a situation where we have great experience doing the practical work.
Knowing the loads we have designed the slabs depending upon the ratio of longer to shorter
span of panel. In this project we have designed slabs as two way slabs depending upon the end
condition, corresponding bending moment. The coefficients have been calculated as per I.S. code
methods for corresponding lx/ly ratio. The calculations have been done for loads on beams and
columns and designed frame analysis by moment distribution method. Here we have a very low
bearing capacity, hard soil and isolated footing don