06-10-2012, 04:44 PM
Multilateral organisation dealing with trade:UNCTAD
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THE ORIGINS
The context of North-South and East-West tensions
Non-Aligned Movement and Group of 77
The link between trade and development (Prebisch thinking)
1st UNCTAD Ministerial Conference in Geneva;
Permanent secretariat established
THE FUNCTIONING
UNCTAD
Intergovernmental machinery linked to UN General Assembly and ECOSOC
Secretariat part of the UN Secretariat (part of same budget)
Development-oriented and independent secretariat
Political role (“soft law”)
Automatic membership
Wide participation of non-governmental stakeholders
THE IDEAS ON DEVELOPMENT
UNCTAD
Trade is one of the instruments leading to development…
…but no automatic links between trade liberalisation, poverty reduction, and development
Multidimensional links between trade and development
Special and differential treatment is key for all developing countries
No “one size-fits-all” development models
SOME UNCTAD IDEAS (NOW USED OUTSIDE UNCTAD)
Special and differential treatment for developing countries
Coherence between national policies and international economic environment (MDG 8)
Policy space and “no-one-size-fits-all”
Links between investment, science and technology, ICTs and trade flows
Link between trade and environment
Role of commodities in international trade
Development-friendly WTO rules on trade in services
LDCs’ terms of WTO accession
Work on debt reduction (HIPC) and debt sustainability
Role of competition law and policies in development processes
Work on trade facilitation
Research on non-tariff barriers to market access
UNCTAD Intergovernmental machinery:
The Ministerial Conference (every 4 years), reports to the UN General Assembly and ECOSOC
Executive body: the Trade and Development Board, one high level annual session, reports to the UN General Assembly and Ecosoc
Three annual Commissions on:
Trade in goods and services, and commodities
Investment, technology and related financial issues
Enterprise, business facilitation and development
Several Expert Meetings on specific issues