29-09-2016, 09:16 AM
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Abstract: The theme of Social interaction and behavior-based robotics is important and interesting to an Artificial intelligence and Robotics community. It is one of the challenging areas in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). There is an advanced technology called Voice Recognition System that can be used and developed to make interaction between robots and humans. This project about involves a robot that can understand the human voice commands i.e. Human words.
I.Introduction:
Human-Robot interaction is an important, attractive and challenging area.
The proposed system consists of a micro-controller and android’s speech recognition that can recognize many voice patterns. The robot would be controlled through android’s speech recognition system which would allow users to interact with the robot. The advantages of using speech recognition system are the fast data input operations and ease of use.
Natural Language interface is now starting to appear in standard software application. This gives benefit to novices to easily interact with the standard software in HCI field. It also encourage expert in robotics to use Speech Recognition (SR) technology for the HRI. The system uses android application in user’s smart phone. The way in which system accepts word is using voice recognition system available in android smartphone. Same thing can be implemented using Apple’s IPhone and MacBook or Windows phone or laptop. The word is accepted by speech recognition system and forwarded to Arduino for further processing. In this paper, we develop a base system for voice controlled wireless robot, which serves as base in any variant in voice controlled
wireless system. The proposed system shall consist of a micro-controller (Arduino), a voice recognition processor (Android Smartphone) and a Bluetooth module (HC-05). The commands of autonomous robots would be in the program written for Arduino which will match the input with existing commands and works accordingly.
II.Existing System
The advancements in technology have been progressively towards visual input/output systems. When Technology like GPS systems and touchscreen phones have made the world a Global village for any person, these advancements provide no relief to those with poor vision or blind person who cannot benefit from these application and gadgets.
For the visually impaired, it is imperative to focus on the sounds of the environment and then judge the distances and speed from those sounds to navigate his way. Human percept are not perfect and the chances of a visually impaired man meeting with an accident increases tremendously, thus making simple tasks of crossing the road or boarding a train or walking down the street life threatening. Although, over the last decade, technological advancements and research has led us to creating applications and gadgets which refine the experience of reading through touch, we’re yet to fully integrate voice control in our devices as a method of Accessibility.
Now, talking about existing wearable technology in the market for the physically disabled personthere are different software available such as voice controlled wheelchair.
Now there are systems available for lawyers, doctorsand other professionalswhich helps them to convert their speech to texted format which is faster than actual tying.
III. Proposed Project
The proposed project is a stepping stone in the world of Robotics and Human-Robot interaction. This field has tremendous potential in terms of applications and research and would be a good opportunity for us to learn about them.
Speech recognition is an integral part of Voice Control. Speech recognition is a technology where the system understands the human voice i.e. speech.
Voice Control is an ideal method for robotic and communication. It is only relatively recently that robots have started to employ a degree of Artificial Intelligence in their work - many robots required human operators, or precise guidance throughout their missions
Slowly, robots are becoming more and more autonomous. Robotics is an absolutely fascinating field that interests most people. Robot is a system that contains sensors, control systems, manipulators, power supplies and software all working together to perform a task. Robot should have Sensing, Movement, Energy and Intelligence characteristics.
This project deals with one of the application of vehicles. In this project one moving object is developed such that it is moved as per commands given by the voice recognition module and that command is received by microcontroller using wireless communication. This project is equipped with DC motor, Voice Recognition module, Bluetooth Module, Micro controller along with the Power supply unit. Vehicle finds it applications in the real time.
IV.System Analysis
Systems analysis is the process of breaking down a complex problem into its component parts, examining those parts and reconstituting them into a more efficient, effective whole. Most organizational systems deal with the processing of data. This processing can be viewed as the organization's reaction to these data stimuli. The analyst's task is to identify the data stimuli, follow the processing sequences activated by the stimuli, and identify the results of the processing sequences. The analyst must also determine what if any problems exist in these processing sequences and determine, if possible, how to make them more efficient and effective.
The speech recognition module basically consists of an Android Natural Language Recognition program with the inbuilt phone microphone and a micro controller circuit such as Arduino on the Robot which processes the commands and makes it move. A Bluetooth module is used to transmit the processed commands from the Android phone to the Robot.
A) Robot Command Relay Circuit
The Robot Command Relay Circuit consists of the following components.
1. Micro-controller
Micro-controllers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded systems. By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices, micro-controllers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes. Mixed signal micro-controllers are common, integrating analog components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.
Some micro-controllers may use 4-bit words and operate at clock rate frequencies as low as 4 kHz, for low power consumption (single-digit milli watts or microwatts). They will generally have the ability to retain functionality while waiting for an event such as a button press or other interrupt; power consumption while sleeping (CPU clock and most peripherals off) may be just Nano watts, making many of them well suited for long lasting battery applications. Other micro-controllers may serve performance-critical roles, where they may need to act more like a digital signal processor (DSP), with higher clock speeds and power consumption.
In this project we used AT89S52 µC. The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bitmicrocontroller with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard 80C51 instruction set and pin out. In the chapter 2 we discussed in detailed about microcontroller.
2. Regulated Power Supply
A regulated power supply is an embedded circuit; it converts unregulated AC into a
constant DC. With the help of a rectifier it converts AC supply into DC. Its function is to supply a stable voltage (or less often current), to a circuit or device that must be operated within certain power supply limits. The output from the regulated power supply may be alternating or unidirectional, but is nearly always DC (Direct Current).
The type of stabilization used may be restricted to ensuring that the output remains within certain limits under various load conditions, or it may also include compensation for variations in its own supply source. The latter is much more common today.
3. Bluetooth Module
A Bluetooth module is usually a hardware component that provides a wireless product to work with the computer; or in some cases, the Bluetooth may be an accessory or peripheral, or a wireless headphone or other product (such as cell phones can use.).
These small size Bluetooth TTL transceiver modules are designed for serial communication (SPP - serial port profile). It allows your target device to both send or receive TTL data via Bluetooth technology without connecting a serial cable to your computer. The modules with the HC-03 and HC-05 firmware are the Master and Slave integrated Bluetooth serial modules with firmware which allows you to modify master and slave mode at any time. HC-03 is industrial grade products, HC-05 are commercial grade products.
The modules with the HC-04 and HC-06 firmware are the modules which are factory set to be Master or Slave modules. Master and slave mode cannot be switched from the factory setting. HC-04 is an industrial grade product; HC-06 is a commercial grade product. The modules with the HC-09 firmware are replacements for the HC-06 and HC-07 modules.In this project we used HC-05 module.
4. Driver
In electronics, a driver is an electrical circuit or other electronic component used to control another circuit or other component, such as a high-power transistor.They are usually used to regulate current flowing through a circuit or is used to control the other factors such as other components, some devices in the circuit. The term is often used, for example, for a specialized integrated circuit that controls high-power switches in switched-mode power converters. An amplifier can also be considered a driver for loudspeakers, or a constant voltage circuit that keeps an attached component operating within a broad range of input voltages. Typically the driver stage(s) of a circuit requires different characteristics to other circuit stages. For example in a transistor power amplifier, typically the driver circuit requires current gain, often the ability to discharge the following transistor bases rapidly, and low output impedance to avoid or minimize distortion. The L293D is a popular motor driver IC that is usable from 6 to12V, at up to 1A total output current. By itself, the IC is somewhat difficult to wire and use, but the Compact L293D Motor Driver makes it much more convenient to use.
B) Android Phone Components
Apart from the Android OS system and the Bluetooth module on the phone, the phone also consists of a Microphone.
VI. Scope of Future works
1. Long range modules will result in connectivity with the robot for long distances.
2. Power Optimization such sleep and wakeup schedules can be incorporated.
3. Image processing can be implemented in the robot to detect the color and the objects.
4. For more accurate working servo motors can be deployed.
5. Automatic Targeting System can be implemented in the robot for tracking the target.
6. As it is a base for other applications it can be implemented in home automation system, wheelchair, in post offices etc.
Conclusion
Thus using Android Programming for Natural Language Processing, we can implement a Voice Controlled Robot which is capable of accepting Voice commands. The separate micro controller on the Robot will allow the robot to perform efficiently it’s own mechanical tasks.
The Bluetooth module would be a reliable unit in transmitting processed information. Thus we conclude that this project is realizable. The sheer scale of it’s utility makes it a very interesting project to work on.
We aim to make a benchmark project that demonstrate not only the efficiency, but also the simplicity of functionality which makes a big barrier for most of the users. By eliminating complexity, this project would demonstrate all the simple functionalities that can be implemented.
It would be possible to later implement the project on a larger scale while applying the same basic principles of intelligence when designing the voice guided robots. As new and new technology comes, the price drop will make it feasible for such technology to be actively used in everyone’s lives.