23-03-2012, 10:29 AM
FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES (PU)
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1. Distinguish between a micro manometer and a differential manometer.
2. Explain about hydraulic gradient line for fluid flow through a piping system.
3) What are the advantages of triangular notch over a rectangular notch ?
4) What is the difference between the forces of a jet, when it strikes a stationary blade
and a series of moving blades ?
5) Distinguish between a Kaplan and a Propeller turbine.
6) Explain the phenomenon of cavitation in a hydraulic turbine.
7) Explain the term manometric efficiency of a centrifugal pump.
8) What is a plunger pump ? Where is it used ?
9) What is meant by priming in centrifugal pumps ?
11. a) What is the application of a Pitot tube ? With the help of a neat sketch explain
the working of a Prandtl Pitot tube ? 7
b) What is the critical velocity of flow in a circular pipe ? What are the upper and
lower critical velocity values ? 6
c) Derive from first principles, Chezy’s formula for loss of head due to friction in
a pipe. 7
12. a) State and derive Bernoulli’s theorem, mentioning clearly the assumptions
underlying it. 12
b) A 30 cm diameter horizontal pipe terminates in a nozzle with the exit diameter of
7.5 cm. If the water flows through the pipe at the rate of 0.15m3/s. What force
will be exerted by the fluid on the nozzle ? 8
13. a) Why a Pelton Wheel is suitable for high heads only ? 5
b) How does power output and torque on the shaft of a Pelton Wheel vary with
bucket speer ? 5
c) A Pelton Wheel is required to develop 6 MW when working under a head of
300 m. It rotates with a speed of 550 rpm. Assuming jet ratio as 10 and overall
efficiency as 85%, find
i) Diameter of wheel
ii) Quantity of water required and
iii) Number of jets.
Assume suitable values for the velocity coefficient and the speed ratio.