01-11-2014, 02:03 PM
Abstracts: At present most of the buildings are not satisfying Earthquake resistance codes. Our experts conclude that Surat is daily facing three earthquake shocks but they are minor to be felt by any human being, somehow it affects buildings. Restoration or Rehabilitation reduces the vulnerability of damage of an existing structure during future earthquakes. It aims to strengthen a structure to satisfy the requirements of the current codes for seismic design. In this respect, seismic retrofit is beyond conventional repair and rehabilitation. The principles of seismic retrofit refer to the goals, objectives and steps. The applications include different types of buildings, industrial structures, bridges, urban transport structures, marine structures and earth retaining structures. The benefits of restoration include the reduction in the loss of lives, damage of the essential facilities and functional continuity of the life line structures. For an existing structure, the cost of retrofitting tends to be smaller than the replacement cost. Thus, the restoration of structures is an essential component of long term disaster mitigation. In this report we have included many tests to check the strength of building components and many repair methods. This report fully satisfies all the most favourable techniques which are used in monuments in Surat region. We use the term structural restoration for those interventions that are carried out on monuments in order to restore the bearing capacity of the whole or of parts that have structural problems. Most of the structural problems of the Acropolis monuments are due to the cracking and splintering of the marble caused by the rusting of the extensive iron reinforced elements that had been inserted during earlier interventions, especially during the restoration made by Balanos at the beginning of the 20th century, and from other causes too (explosions, displacements caused by earthquake, fires, and so on). In the course of the interventions parts of the monuments that were restored in the past – and, in some cases, sections that had not been restored before but which show the same signs of wear and breakage – are dismantled The articulated system of construction of classical building facilitates this sort of work. The dismantled pieces undergo conservation while on the ground. The old rusted metal reinforcements are removed. The fragments of the architectural members are then joined using titanium rods and a special cement based mortar. Where deemed necessary, missing parts of the members are filled in with new Pentelic marble so as to restore their original structural efficiency. When they have been repaired, the architectural members are set again on the monument and joined by means of titanium clamps and dowels that are consolidated in the ancient tenon holes and cuttings with an inorganic binding material.