09-08-2012, 11:12 AM
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.ppt (Size: 43 KB / Downloads: 25)
An Overview
Introduction of Artificial Intelligence.
History of Artificial Intelligence.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence.
Ethics & Risks of Developing Artificial Intelligence.
Branches of Artificial Intelligence.
Future of A.I.
Conclusion.
Introduction
“There is no clear definition of A.I, it can be described as the attempt to build machines that think and act like humans, that are able to learn and to use their knowledge to solve problems on their own.” According to the “American Association for Artificial Intelligence”: “the scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behavior and their embodiment in machines.”1. THE ART OF LEARNING.2. THINKING OUTSIDE THE BRAIN.
History of A.I.
1. The gestation of A.I.(1943-55)2. The birth of A.I. (1956)3. Early enthusiasm, great expectations.(1952-69)4. A dose reality (1966-73)5. Knowledge based systems (1969-79)6. A.I becomes industry (1980- present)7. A.I. Becomes a science (1987- present)8. The Emergence of intelligence agents (1995- present)
The General concept of intelligence
In order to build an artificial intelligence, it must be build as human-like as possible. Without basic human ingredients the resulting mind might not even be recognized as such.
A.I are like children that need to be taught to be kind, well mannered and intelligent, If decisions to be made it has to be wise. We must ensure that they are doing job correctly, so that no future accident occurs.
Branches of A.I
1. Logical A.I
2. Search pattern recognition
3. Representation
4. Inference
5. Common sense knowledge & reasoning.
6. Learning from experience
7. Planning
8. Epistemology9. Ontology 10. Heuristic 11. Genetic programming
Applications of AI
1. Game Playing2. Speech Recognition3. Understanding natural language4. Computer vision5. Expert Systems6. Heuristic classification
Ethics & Risks in A.I
1. Needs lot of knowledge2. Technological Progress by A.I 3. Super intelligence will lead to more advanced super intelligence.4. Artificial minds can be easily copied.5. Artificial intellects need not have human like motives
Future of A.I.
AI about to become a real force in our technological evolution. There has been so much development and change in the last 10 years.Question which surrounds AI.* Can machine be built to be self-aware?* Are we even capable of modeling machines with such intelligence?* If so how would we control it? * Who would really have the power?* What makes us think that we could even consider building such a machine?* What are the major technological hurdles? => “The importance of AI is to create machines that can truly mimic the human brain in way it thinks, responds and interacts.”
Organizations & Publications concerned with A.I.
AAAI (American Association for A.I.)
ECCAI (European Coordinating Committee for A.I.)
AISB (A.I. and simulation of behavior)
ACM (Association for computing machinery)
SIGART (Special interest group on A.I.)
IJCAI (International joint conference on A.I.)
Conclusion
With all that processing power should we make plans for machines to replace humans as the most powerful creature roaming on the earth? Well not in the lifetime and perhaps never.
The biggest argument against developing true machine intelligence is the argument of evolution. Machines have not undergone the rigors of survival for the millions of years the way humans have. The way we interact, think, respond and adapt are all developmental phases that are critical to our intellectual dominance.
This process hundreds of millions of years to evolve and the failures along the way are critical to our ultimate intellectual capacity and will be a major hurdle in our efforts to develop a truly A.I. Machine.